The Parisian club has now claimed the prestigious trophy on 14 separate occasions.
The Parisian giants needed a dramatic leveler followed by a perfect penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in the Gulf and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup victory.
The European champions appeared to be coasting towards a comfortable win in the match featuring the Ligue 1 winners and the Coupe de France holders after Ousmane Dembele found the net early on.
However, Marseille struck twice in the closing moments to seize a shock advantage. Initially, the English forward scored from the spot-kick, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of events, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital equaliser in the dying seconds to force the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the hero, stopping decisive attempts from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and the young talent all converted successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a convincing shootout victory.
The record champions PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now lifted this trophy for the twelfth time in the last 13 years.